Halls Creek – Western Australia – Hardness

2007/08: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Hardness 359mg/L (Highest Detection Only)

2008/09: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Hardness 350mg/L (max), 325mg/L (mean)

2009/10: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Hardness 310mg/L (max)

2010/11 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 300mg/L (max), 273mg/L (mean)

2011/12 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 310mg/L (max), 288mg/L (mean)

2013/14 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 320mg/L (max), 290mg/L (mean)

2014/15 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 280mg/L (max), 280mg/L (mean)

2015/16 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 300mg/L (max), 295mg/L (mean)

2016/17 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 280mg/L (max), 280mg/L (mean)

2017/18 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 350mg/L (max), 340mg/L (mean)

2018/19: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 320mg/L (max), 300mg/L (mean)

2019/20: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 310mg/L (max), 305mg/L (mean)

2022/23: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Hardness 330mg/L (max), 330mg/L (mean)

GUIDELINE

“To minimise undesirable build‑up of scale in hot water systems, total hardness (as calcium
carbonate) in drinking water should not exceed 200 mg/L.

Hard water requires more soap than soft water to obtain a lather. It can also cause scale to form on hot water pipes and fittings. Hardness is caused primarily by the presence of calcium and magnesium ions, although other cations such as strontium, iron, manganese and barium can also contribute.”

Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 2011

Halls Creek – Western Australia – Total Dissolved Solids

2007/08: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Total Dissolved Solids 1160 mg/L (Maximum Level)

2008/09: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Total Dissolved Solids 1180 mg/L (Max), 1050mg/L (mean)

2009/10: Halls Creek (Western Australia) – Total Dissolved Solids 970 mg/L (Max)

2010/11 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 976mg/L (max), 915mg/L (av)

2011/12 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 1104mg/L (max), 982mg/L (av)

2013/14 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 919mg/L (max), 904mg/L (av)

2014/15 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 892mg/L (max), 881mg/L (av)

2015/16 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 906mg/L (max), 892mg/L (av)

2016/17 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 879mg/L (max), 871mg/L (av)

2017/18 Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 1080mg/L (max), 1040mg/L (mean)

2018/19: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 986mg/L (max), 948mg/L (mean)

2019/20: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 925mg/L (max), 925mg/L (mean)

2022/23: Halls Creek (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 947mg/L (max), 939mg/L (mean)

GUIDELINE

“No specific health guideline value is provided for total dissolved solids (TDS), as there are no
health effects directly attributable to TDS. However for good palatability total dissolved solids
in drinking water should not exceed 600 mg/L.

Total dissolved solids (TDS) consist of inorganic salts and small amounts of organic matter that are dissolved in water. Clay particles, colloidal iron and manganese oxides and silica, fine enough to pass through a 0.45 micron filter membrane can also contribute to total dissolved solids.

Total dissolved solids comprise: sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate, silica, organic matter, fluoride, iron, manganese, nitrate, nitrite and phosphates…” Australian Drinking Water Guidelines 2011