Yuna – Western Australia – Total Dissolved Solids
2008/09: Yuna (Western Australia) – Total Dissolved Solids 842mg/L (max), 836mg/L (mean)
2009/10: Yuna (Western Australia) – Total Dissolved Solids 850mg/L (max)
2010/11 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 844mg/L (max), 821mg/L (mean)
2011/12 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 873mg/L (max), 838mg/L (mean)
2013/14 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 845mg/L (max), 835mg/L (mean)
2014/15 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 824mg/L (max), 811mg/L (mean)
2015/16 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 824mg/L (max), 820mg/L (mean)
2016/17 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 839mg/L (max), 832mg/L (mean)
2017/18 Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 844mg/L (max), 841mg/L (mean)
2018/19: Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 846mg/L (max), 827mg/L (mean)
2019/20: Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 835mg/L (max), 817mg/L (mean)
2022/23: Yuna (Western Australia) Total Dissolved Solids 861mg/L (max), 856mg/L (mean)
GUIDELINE
“No specific health guideline value is provided for total dissolved solids (TDS), as there are no
health effects directly attributable to TDS. However for good palatability total dissolved solids
in drinking water should not exceed 600 mg/L.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) consist of inorganic salts and small amounts of organic matter that are dissolved in water. Clay particles, colloidal iron and manganese oxides and silica, fine enough to pass through a 0.45 micron filter membrane can also contribute to total dissolved solids.
Yuna (Western Australia) – Chloride
2013/14 Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 400mg/L (max), 391mg/L (mean)
2014/15 Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 385mg/L (max), 375mg/L (mean)
2015/16 Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 385mg/L (max), 383mg/L (mean)
2016/17 Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 385mg/L (max), 380mg/L (mean)
2017/18 Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 395mg/L (max), 390mg/L (mean)
2018/19: Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 395mg/L (max), 390mg/L (mean)
2019/20: Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 395mg/L (max), 385mg/L (mean)
2022/23: Yuna (Western Australia) Chloride 400mg/L (max), 400mg/L (mean)
“Chloride is present in natural waters from the dissolution of salt deposits, and contamination from effluent disposal. Sodium chloride is widely used in the production of industrial chemicals such as caustic soda, chlorine, and sodium chlorite and hypochlorite. Potassium chloride is used in the production of fertilisers.
The taste threshold of chloride in water is dependent on the associated cation but is in the range 200–300 mg/L. The chloride content of water can affect corrosion of pipes and fittings. It can also affect the solubility of metal ions.
In surface water, the concentration of chloride is usually less than 100 mg/L and frequently below 10 mg/L. Groundwater can have higher concentrations, particularly if there is salt water intrusion.
Based on aesthetic considerations, the chloride concentration in drinking water should not exceed 250 mg/L.
No health-based guideline value is proposed for chloride.” 2011 Australian Drinking Water Guidelines
Yuna (Western Australia) – Sodium
2013/14 Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 250mg/L (max), 248mg/L (mean)
2014/15 Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 240mg/L (max), 240mg/L (mean)
2015/16 Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 245mg/L (max), 243mg/L (mean)
2016/17 Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 250mg/L (max), 250mg/L (mean)
2017/18 Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 255mg/L (max), 247.5mg/L (mean)
2018/19: Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 255mg/L (max), 243mg/L (mean)
2019/20: Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 240mg/L (max), 235mg/L (mean)
2022/23: Yuna (Western Australia) Sodium 255mg/L (max), 253mg/L (mean)
should not exceed 180 mg/L….The sodium ion is widespread in water due to the high solubility of sodium salts and the abundance of mineral deposits. Near coastal areas, windborne sea spray can make an important contribution either by fallout onto land surfaces where it can drain to drinking water sources, or from washout by rain. Apart from saline intrusion and natural contamination, water treatment chemicals, domestic water softeners and
sewage effluent can contribute to the sodium content of drinking water.” ADWG 2011
Yuna (Western Australia) – Turbidity
2018/19: Yuna Turbidity 11 NTU (max), 5.7NTU (av.)
From a total of 115 samples, two exceedances of turbidity have occurred from 2003 to 2013. The exceedances of 29.6 and 6 NTU occurred on 21 Jan 2004 and 8 Jul 2009, respectively.
Chlorine-resistant pathogen reduction: Where filtration alone is used as the water treatment
process to address identified risks from Cryptosporidium and Giardia, it is essential
that filtration is optimised and consequently the target for the turbidity of water leaving
individual filters should be less than 0.2 NTU, and should not exceed 0.5 NTU at any time
Disinfection: A turbidity of less than 1 NTU is desirable at the time of disinfection with
chlorine unless a higher value can be validated in a specific context.
Aesthetic: Based on aesthetic considerations, the turbidity should not exceed 5 NTU at the
consumer’s tap.
Yuna (Western Australia) – Iron
2018/19: Yuna Iron 0.5mg/L (max), 0.275mg/L (av.)
Based on aesthetic considerations (precipitation of iron from solution and taste),
the concentration of iron in drinking water should not exceed 0.3 mg/L.
No health-based guideline value has been set for iron.
Iron has a taste threshold of about 0.3 mg/L in water, and becomes objectionable above 3 mg/L. High iron concentrations give water an undesirable rust-brown appearance and can cause staining of laundry and plumbing fittings, fouling of ion-exchange softeners, and blockages in irrigation systems. Growths of iron bacteria, which concentrate iron, may cause taste and odour problems and lead to pipe restrictions, blockages and corrosion. ADWG 2011